Oxford Institute of

Population Ageing

The Challenge

We investigate demographic change and the impacts arising from population ageing across the globe, and make recommendations for how government, business and society can respond.

Over the next fifty years, the old are expected to outnumber the young in nearly every country. This age compositional shift has huge implications for all aspects of society and economy. Falling mortality rates, especially among the older population, has enhanced this age shift, especially in advanced economies.

We are seeing a fundamental shift in the demographic structure of society, which is historically unprecedented, and which will require significant changes to many of our institutions.

The Oxford Institute of Population Ageing links research into ageing, education, fertility, health and environment. We are committed to creating partnerships with government, business and NGOs to shape policy. We also develop summer schools and training opportunities for researchers and professionals.

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Research themes

Understanding Demographic Change - addresses how societies will adapt to the tremendous population changes ahead. It looks at the interaction of fertility, mortality and migration.

Demography, Science and Innovation
- investigates the relationship between older people, ICT, citizenship and inclusion.

Demography and Economy - supports a wide range of research looking at the implications of demographic ageing for labour markets, retirement practices and pension provision.

Demography and Society
- examines intergenerational family roles and relationships.

Biodemography and Health - looks at the policy implications of ageing populations for health and long-term care.

Find out more about the Oxford Institute of Population Ageing

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featured publication

Living to 100 years and beyond: Drivers and implications
Asia Care12


The twenty-first century promises to be the century of centenarians. The number of centenarians in Europe increased from around 57,000 in 2006 to almost 90,000 in 2011. By 2100 the number is expected to reach around 1.4 million in England and Wales alone.

The trend has fundamental consequences for the way in which individuals view and live these ever-extending lives, but also for the way in which societal infrastructures (education, workplaces, housing, transport, and health and social care) need to be adapted to the needs of extreme-aged populations. More importantly, perhaps, our perception of old age needs a dramatic reappraisal.

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