The usefulness of plastic in every aspect of our lives is sadly matched by the ubiquity of discarded plastic; over 350 million tonnes are produced annually but only a fraction of these plastics are recycled and many are pervasive materials not designed for degradation.
Plastic pollution, visible around the world on land and in our oceans, is a direct result of the extraordinary durability of current plastics. Plastics, however, are also vital to meeting the UN’s Sustainable Development Goals. They are used in lightweight transport for greater fuel efficiency, water purification membranes, high-performance electronics, food waste reduction, efficient insulation, and in essential medical devices like IV bags, syringes and catheters.
Restructuring the lifecycle of plastics to become more ‘circular’, i.e. eliminating waste by designing for disassembly and re-use, has the potential to solve many of these problems while maintaining plastic’s valuable contribution towards meeting the SDGs. Solving the problems with the current manufacture, use and disposal of plastics requires thinking across deeply ingrained disciplinary boundaries as well as strong engagement with the manufacturing and end-use industries. This programme will bring together experts to work creatively on the technical, economic and legal issues around a future plastics economy that supports, rather than undermines, the SDGs.
We will work to develop new materials for use in those plastics sectors that present particularly difficult problems. Part of this will be investigating the under-explored concept of chemical recycling where plastics are broken down to their base ingredients and those are re-used. This would allow multiple recycling loops for the same plastics without compromising their useful properties. In the long term, we also aim to develop packaging that is both recyclable and biodegradable.
As well as the new materials themselves, we will also develop an implementation roadmap identifying how to break down the market, regulatory and social barriers to their widespread adoption. This will be developed with feedback from stakeholders including industry, NGOs, international bodies and academia.
Our core objective is moving to a new plastics economy, where future plastics are fully recyclable but ultimately degradable. Developing interventions to change technology, law, social policy, human behaviour and economics, as well as the prototyping of patented materials and products, will be essential to achieving this. We envision a future that limits environmental damage and pollution without losing the many benefits that plastics provide.
Academics including Professor Charlotte Williams, one of the Oxford Martin Programme on the Future of Plastics’ lead researchers, have sought to reassure the public that reusable containers are safe to use during the current Covid-19 pandemic.
Experts from the Oxford Martin School, the Smith School of Enterprise and the Environment and The Purpose Business joined forces in May 2020 to look at the future of plastics and moving to a new plastics economy.
Oxford researchers Professor Charlotte Williams and Professor Cameron Hepburn took part in the webinar, which was moderated by Dr Merrin Pearse of The Purpose Business.
Read the key takeaways here, and watch the full webinar here.
The Future of Plastics programme worked with the World Economic Forum (WEF) to co-curate a Transformation Map outlining the challenges and opportunities around plastics for the WEF Strategic Intelligence platform.
The interactive Transformation Map visualises the key issues surrounding the global plastic economy, the current technologies to tackle them, and the connections and interdependencies between this and other global challenges.
These maps are intended to help leaders navigate the fluid inter-relationships between global issues and so inform better decision-making.
View the interactive Plastics Transformation Map
Triblock polyester thermoplastic elastomers with semi-aromatic polymer end blocks by ring-opening copolymerization
Understanding metal synergy in heterodinuclear catalysts for the copolymerization of CO2 and epoxides
Switchable Catalysis Improves the Properties of CO2-Derived Polymers: Poly(cyclohexene carbonate-b-ε-decalactone-b-cyclohexene carbonate) Adhesives, Elastomers, and Toughened Plastics
Ti(IV)–Tris(phenolate) Catalyst Systems for the Ring-Opening Copolymerization of Cyclohexene Oxide and Carbon Dioxide
Metal Complexes for Catalytic Polymerizations
Heterodinuclear complexes featuring Zn(ii) and M = Al(iii), Ga(iii) or In(iii) for cyclohexene oxide and CO2 copolymerisation
The technological and economic prospects for CO2 utilization and removal
Orthogonal functionalization of alternating polyesters: selective patterning of (AB)n sequences